第十一章:搭建一个简单网站 — 实战教程
我们要做什么
本章是一个完整教程。你将只用 Claude Code 从零开始搭建一个个人作品集网站——不需要任何 web 开发经验。
完成后,你将拥有:
- 一个包含多个页面的真实网站
- 你自己的样式和内容
- 在手机上也能良好显示的响应式设计
- 一个可以分享的在线地址(通过 GitHub Pages)
我们将一步步完成,并展示完整的对话过程,让你看到如何与 Claude Code 交互。你可以直接跟着做,用你自己的姓名和内容替换示例中的内容。
开始前的准备
确保你已经:
- 安装了 Claude Code(见第四章)
- 打开了终端
- 安装了 Git(
git --version检查) - 有一个 GitHub 账号(在 github.com 免费注册)
你不需要了解 HTML、CSS 或 JavaScript。Claude 负责写代码,你的任务是描述你想要什么。
第一步:创建文件夹并启动 Claude Code
打开终端,运行:
mkdir my-portfolio
cd my-portfolio
git init
claude最后一条命令启动 Claude Code。你会看到提示符在等待你的第一条消息。
第二步:请求基本结构
输入这条第一条消息:
I want to build a personal portfolio website. It should have:
- A home page with my name, a brief intro, and a photo placeholder
- An "About Me" page with more detail about my background
- A "Projects" page showing 3 example projects
- A "Contact" page with a simple contact form
Please create the basic file structure and a home page to start.
Use clean, modern styling with a dark navy color scheme.Claude 会提议创建几个文件。第一个是 index.html(首页)。查看它展示的内容,按 y 批准每个文件。
你应该得到:
index.html— 首页about.html— 关于页面骨架projects.html— 项目页面骨架contact.html— 联系页面骨架styles.css— 所有页面的共享样式
第三步:在浏览器中打开
文件创建好后,打开首页:
Open index.html in my browser在 Mac 上,Claude 会运行 open index.html;在 Windows 上,它会建议你双击文件。看看生成的效果。
你将看到一个带导航链接、照片占位符和一些默认文字的功能页面,已经有了样式。接下来开始个性化定制。
第四步:个性化内容
告诉 Claude 关于你自己的信息:
Update the home page with my actual information:
- Name: Alex Rivera
- Title: Graphic Designer and Illustrator
- Intro: "Hi, I'm Alex. I create visual identities and illustrations that
bring brands to life. Based in Austin, Texas."
- Change the color scheme from navy to a warm terra cotta with cream
backgroundClaude 会编辑 index.html 和 styles.css 以反映你的内容和更新后的颜色。查看并批准每个改动。
如果视觉效果有问题,直接描述:
The heading font is too large on mobile — can you reduce it?The navigation links are too close together. Add more spacing.持续给出反馈,直到满意为止。
第五步:完善项目展示页
现在为项目页面添加真实内容:
Fill out the projects page with 3 portfolio pieces:
1. "Sunrise Coffee Rebrand" — logo and identity system for a local
coffee shop. Category: Brand Identity.
2. "WildCraft Magazine" — editorial illustrations for an outdoor
lifestyle publication. Category: Illustration.
3. "Bloom Florist App" — UI design and illustration for a flower
delivery app. Category: UI Design.
For each project, include a placeholder image area, the title,
category, and a brief 2-sentence description. Make the layout
a 3-column grid on desktop, single column on mobile.Claude 会更新 projects.html,添加这些内容并应用响应式网格布局。"占位图区域"会是一个彩色矩形——你以后可以用真实截图替换。
第六步:完成关于和联系页面
Update the about page with:
- A longer bio: "Alex Rivera is a graphic designer and illustrator
with 5 years of experience working with small businesses and
startups. She studied Visual Communication at UT Austin and has
worked with clients across food, fitness, and tech industries."
- A "Skills" section listing: Brand Identity, Typography,
Illustration, Figma, Adobe Suite, UI Design
- An "Experience" timeline with 2 previous roles对于联系页面:
Make the contact form functional with fields for: name, email,
subject, and message. Style it to match the rest of the site.
Add my email address "alex@example.com" and links to Instagram
and LinkedIn (use placeholder # links for now).第七步:实现响应式设计
响应式网站在手机、平板和桌面上都能正常显示。请 Claude 检查并改善:
Review the site for responsiveness. Check all four pages on a
narrow screen and fix any layout issues — text that overflows,
images that are too wide, navigation that breaks, etc.Claude 会通读 CSS 和 HTML,找出潜在的响应式问题,并提出修复方案。它可能会添加媒体查询(只在特定屏幕尺寸下生效的 CSS 规则)或重新整理某些元素的布局。
要在移动设备上真正测试,你可以打开 Chrome 的开发者工具(F12)并切换设备模拟模式。或者直接拿起手机,如果在同一局域网内就能打开文件。
第八步:添加精致感
细节能让作品集大幅提升:
Add smooth hover effects to the navigation links and project cards.
When hovering, the links should change color with a 0.2 second
transition, and project cards should lift slightly with a subtle shadow.Add a favicon — a small icon that appears in the browser tab.
Use a simple circle with my initials "AR" in it.Make the page transitions smooth by adding a subtle fade-in when
each page loads.每一处都是小改动,但合在一起让网站感觉更精致专业。
第九步:提交你的成果
部署前,用 Git 保存所有内容:
Commit everything I have built today with an appropriate messageClaude 会暂存所有文件并创建提交。然后:
Show me all the files in the project and confirm git is tracking everything第十步:部署到 GitHub Pages
GitHub Pages 可以直接从 GitHub 仓库免费托管静态网站。让我们把你的网站上线。
首先需要创建一个 GitHub 仓库。如果你安装了 gh CLI:
Create a new GitHub repository called "portfolio" and push my site to itClaude 会创建仓库、添加远端,并推送代码。
如果你没有安装 gh,可以:
- 去 github.com 创建一个名为 "portfolio" 的新仓库
- 回到 Claude:"I created a repo at github.com/your-username/portfolio. Push my code there."
代码上传到 GitHub 后:
Set up GitHub Pages to host this site from the main branchClaude 会引导你(或执行)GitHub Pages 的设置。几分钟内,你的网站就会在 https://your-username.github.io/portfolio 上线。
对话实录:真实的来回过程
下面是样式调整阶段的实际对话示例:
Me: The project cards look too plain. Can you add something to make
them more visually interesting?
Claude: I'll enhance the project cards. I'll add:
- A colored top border that uses your terra cotta accent color
- A subtle gradient background instead of flat white
- Better spacing between elements
Editing projects.html:
[shows diff]
Allow edit? y
Editing styles.css:
[shows diff with new CSS for card styling]
Allow edit? y
The cards now have more visual hierarchy. Take a look and let me
know if you want to adjust the colors or proportions.
Me: I like it but the gradient is too subtle — can you make it
slightly stronger?
Claude: I'll increase the gradient contrast.
Editing styles.css:
[shows diff — changes gradient from 5% opacity to 12%]
Allow edit? y
Done. The gradient is more visible now. Does that feel right?
Me: Perfect. Now the contact form looks different from the rest of
the site — the fonts don't match.
Claude: Good catch. The form is using the browser default font
instead of your site font. Let me fix that.
Editing styles.css:
[shows diff adding font-family to form elements]
Allow edit? y
Updated. The form now uses the same typography as the rest of your site.这种来回节奏——Claude 做一个改动,你查看,你给出具体反馈,Claude 调整——是用 Claude Code 做设计工作的自然流程。
你学到了什么
通过搭建这个作品集,你练习了:
- 从零开始创建项目结构
- 通过对话迭代设计
- 给出 Claude 能执行的反馈
- 用 Git 保存进度
- 部署一个真实网站
这些是你在未来所有项目中都会用到的技能——具体技术会变,但工作流程保持不变。描述你想要什么,查看 Claude 的成果,给出反馈,重复。
你的作品集网站现在已经存在了。继续完善它:添加你的真实项目、上传你的真实照片、写下你的真实简介。结构已经就绪——内容属于你。
下一章: 第十二章 — 像专家一样调试 — 如何用 Claude 诊断和修复错误、读懂错误堆栈,以及走出困境。